Biology in Focus 2nd Edition Chapter 3 Test
Exam (elaborations)
Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK Biology 2nd edition by Brooker, Robert, Widmaier, Eric, Graham, Linda, Stiling
Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK Biology 2nd edition by Brooker, Robert, Widmaier, Eric, Graham, Linda, Stiling Biology, ISBN: 2240 Test Bank: An Introduction to Biology Multiple Choice Questions 1. The simplest structure shared among all living organisms is the A. gut. B. cell. C. photosynthetic chloroplast. D. community. E. nucleus. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 2. Which of the following is likely NOT a common feature shared among all living organisms? A. All living organisms use energy. B. All living organisms maintain organization. C. All living organisms have evolved over the course of many generations. D. All living organisms maintain some level of homeostasis. E. All living organisms are composed of similar structures. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!1 3. All living organisms respond and adjust to their environments. The process through which this occurs is called A. photosynthesis. B. metabolism. C. adaptation. D. growth and development. E. genomics. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!2 4. The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment in the face of a fluctuating external environment is called A. metabolism. B. cellular respiration. C. growth and development. D. homeostasis. E. functional proteomics and genomics. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 5. Polypeptides (proteins) are composed of amino acids as ________ are composed of DNA. A. genes B. RNA C. proteomes D. lipids E. metabolites Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 6. We maintain a fairly constant body temperature despite exposures to different seasons or external temperatures. This is achieved through our capacity to A. adapt to changing environments. B. regulate body temperature. C. maintain homeostasis. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!3 7. All of the chemical reactions used to break down nutrients and build up components within the body are collectively known as A. anabolism. B. catabolism. C. metabolism. D. proteolysis. E. hydrolysis. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 8. Which level of organization includes all others? A. cell B. tissue C. organ D. organism E. population Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 9. Which level of organization is required for all others to form? A. cell B. tissue C. organ D. organism E. population Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!4 10. When cells associate with each other they form A. atoms. B. molecules. C. macromolecules. D. tissues. E. populations. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 11. When communities of organisms interact with their physical environment they form a(n) A. population. B. organism. C. community. D. ecosystem. E. macromolecular community. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 12. Which of the following is LEAST likely required for the digestion of a meal? A. molecules B. cells C. tissues D. organs E. populations Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!5 13. Which is the simplest of all levels of organization? A. atom B. cell C. organ D. organism E. population Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 14. Which level of organization reflects an individual composed of multiple organ systems? A. atom B. cell C. organ D. organism E. population Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 15. Which of the following are components of molecules? A. atoms B. cells C. organs D. organisms E. populations Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!6 16. Many people at a wedding ceremony represent which level of organization? A. cell B. organ C. organism D. population E. ecosystem Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 17. A flower on a plant represents which level of organization? A. atom B. cell C. organ D. organism E. population Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 18. The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over several generations is termed A. homeostasis. B. growth and development. C. reproduction. D. biological evolution. E. organization. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.01 Topic: General 1-!7 19. Changes in ________ represent the predominant cause for biological evolution. A. homeostasis B. growth and development C. reproduction D. genetic makeup E. energy Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 20. A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources. The process by which these different species of finches came about is likely to have involved A. natural selection. B. evolution. C. an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations. D. both natural selection and evolution. E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 21. Which of the following is TRUE of a genetic mutation? A. It always produces harmful effects. B. It never affects protein structure or function. C. It is not a mechanism through which biological evolution occurs. D. It happens quite frequently in a population. E. It generally produces a change in the DNA sequence of a gene. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!8 22. New species evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of A. metabolic events. B. genetic mutations. C. proteomes. D. reproductive events. E. developmental events. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 23. Evolutionary change A. occurs through the modification of characteristics in a preexisting population. B. may involve vertical descent with mutation. C. may involve horizontal gene transfer. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 24. In the process of biological evolution, new species may evolve through exchange of genes from one species to another. This process is called A. proteome transfer. B. horizontal gene transfer. C. vertical evolution. D. vertical descent with mutation. E. genomic sciences. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!9 25. The grouping or classification of species is termed A. eukaryotism. B. prokaryotism. C. genus. D. kingdom. E. taxonomy. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.02 Topic: General 26. When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of organism? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Family E. Species Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 27. When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of organism? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Family E. Species Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!10 28. Which Kingdom of organisms is most noted for its ability to carry out photosynthesis? A. Animilia B. Protista C. Fungi D. Plantae E. Bacteria Bloom's Level: Remember Figure: 1.12 Section: 1.02 Topic: General 29. Biologists use nomenclature or the binomial to provide each species with a unique scientific name. Our species is called Homo sapiens. The first word refers to which taxonomical grouping? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Genus E. Species Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 30. When considering nomenclature for scientific names, what is the difference between the two primates, Homo sapiens and Homo erectus? A. One is a primate but the other is not. B. They are animals of a different kingdom. C. They are animals of a different order. D. They are animals of a different species. E. They are animals of a different genus. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!11 31. Which of the following is generally more complex than the others? A. Archaea B. Bacteria C. Prokarya D. Eukarya E. microorganisms Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 32. The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its A. proteome. B. genome. C. transcriptosome. D. phenotype. E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.02 Topic: General 33. Which is responsible for encoding the proteins found in a cell? A. genome B. proteome C. cytoskeleton D. evolution E. extracellular proteins Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!12 34. If a scientist were studying the interaction of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion from a pancreatic cell, he or she would be studying A. genomics. B. proteomics. C. cell biology. D. both genomics and proteomics. E. both proteomics and cell biology. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 35. An explanation for a biological process that is substantiated by a large body of evidence is called a A. hypothesis. B. theory. C. systems biology. D. reductionism. E. prediction. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.03 Topic: General 36. Collecting data without a specific hypothesis in mind is called A. reductionism. B. hypothesis testing. C. discovery-based science. D. theoretical. E. All of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.03 Topic: General 1-!13 True / False Questions 37. All tissues are composed of cells. TRUE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 38. The capacity to maintain a fairly constant body temperature is a homeostatic process. TRUE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 39. A community is composed of different populations of animals and plants. TRUE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 40. A defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is the lack of cell structure in one versus the other. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!14 41. The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a pre-existing ancestor to one that is used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 42. A bacterial infection such as pneumonia is most likely caused by organisms derived from the animal kingdom. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 43. All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 44. Vertical evolution, whereby living organisms evolve from a common ancestor ("tree of life"), is the only mechanism of evolution on Earth. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!15 45. The effects of a genetic mutation are always limited to simply a change in DNA sequence with little consequence on the proteins expressed. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.02 Topic: General 1-!16 46. The proteome, rather than genome, is most directly responsible for the structure, function, and appearance of organisms. TRUE Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.02 Topic: General 47. Little scientific evidence is necessary when formulating a theory. FALSE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.03 Topic: General 48. The maintenance of cell structure requires energy. TRUE Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 1.01 Topic: General 49. Discovery-based science and hypothesis testing are the two major scientific approaches that help us understand biology. TRUE Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.03 Topic: General 1-!17 Multiple Choice Questions 50. This question refers to the 5-stage process of hypothesis testing. What is the appropriate order of the stages when generating and testing a hypothesis? (1) Experimentation is conducted to determine if the predictions are correct. (2) The hypothesis is accepted or rejected. (3) Observations are made regarding a natural phenomenon. (4) The observations lead to a hypothesis that tries to explain the phenomenon. A useful hypothesis is one that is testable because it makes specific predictions. (5) The data from the experiment is analyzed. A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2 C. 1, 3, 4, 2, 5 D. 3, 4, 1, 5, 2 E. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 1.03 Topic: General Chapter 02 Test Bank: The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water Multiple Choice Questions 1. These are the smallest functional units of matter that form all chemical substances and that cannot be further broken down by ordinary chemical or physical means. A. protons B. neutrons C. electrons D. atoms E. molecules Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 1-!18 2. The atomic number of an atom is A. the number of protons in the atom. B. the number of neutrons in the atom. C. the number of protons and electrons in the atom. D. the number of protons and neutrons in the atom. E. None of these choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 3. Which of the following represents the smallest functional unit of living organisms? A. atoms B. molecules C. proteins D. water E. salt Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 1-!19 4. Oxygen has an atomic mass of 16 and an atomic number of 8. A. Oxygen has 16 neutrons. B. Oxygen has 8 electrons. C. Oxygen can form two bonds with other atoms. D. Oxygen has 16 neutrons and 8 electrons. E. Oxygen has 8 electrons and can form two bonds with other atoms. Bloom's Level: Apply Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 5. The nucleus of an atom is composed of A. protons. B. neutrons. C. electrons. D. protons and neutrons. E. protons and electrons. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 6. Ernest Rutherford's key experiment on alpha particle bombardment of gold foil was important to the development of A. detection methods for protons. B. alpha particle emitters. C. gold as an element. D. the modern model for atomic structure. E. the concept that atoms have a homogenous distribution of protons throughout the atom. Bloom's Level: Apply Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 1-!20 7. If a scientist were to shoot protons through an atom, for instance like Rutherford did with gold foil, he or she would likely find that A. most of the protons passed straight through the atom. B. few of the protons passed straight through the atom. C. most of the protons deflected or bounced back from the atom. D. most of the protons would be absorbed by the atom. E. All of the choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 8. The first, inner-most energy shell of an atom A. can have a maximum of 8 electrons. B. can have a maximum of 2 electrons. C. is called the 2p orbital. D. is called the 1s orbital and can have a maximum of 8 electrons. E. is called the 2p orbital and can have a maximum of 2 electrons. Bloom's Level: Understand Figure: 2.03 Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 9. If carbon has an atomic mass of 12 and an atomic number of 6 then it has A. 6 electrons. B. 12 electrons. C. 18 electrons. D. as many as 6 but no more than 12. E. None of the choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Understand Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 1-!21 10. Tritiated hydrogen (3H) differs from hydrogen (1H) in that A. 3H has 2 more protons than 1H. B. 3H has 2 more electrons than 1H. C. 3H has 2 more neutrons than 1H. D. 3H has the same number of neutrons as 1H. E. 3H has a different electron configuration than 1H. Bloom's Level: Apply Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 11. Isotopes are different forms of the same element that A. differ in their number of neutrons. B. have the same numbers of protons. C. are often used in medicine to track biological processes. D. can be found in nature. E. All the choices are correct. Bloom's Level: Remember Section: 2.01 Topic: Chemistry 12. Which of the following represents an abundant element found in living organisms
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Biology in Focus 2nd Edition Chapter 3 Test
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